Project Axis

History & Blog

Behind-the-scenes updates, experiments, and the story of how we got here.

Vending machine prototype diagram

This project is an automated drink-mixing vending machine designed to sit inside a refrigerator and dispense customized beverages on demand. Powered by an ESP32 microcontroller, it uses multiple small water pumps to move syrups, juices, and soda from separate containers into a cup.

A touchscreen interface built with the LVGL graphics library lets users select drink combinations directly on the device. Once selected, the ESP32 activates the correct pumps for specific durations to dispense ingredients in the right proportions.

The Concept

A compact automated beverage station that lives inside a fridge. Ingredients stay separate and cold until mixed on demand — resulting in a freshly blended drink every time. The system combines an embedded control unit, liquid pumps, and a touchscreen for a seamless, customizable experience.

ComponentPurpose
ESP32 MicrocontrollerCentral control — manages pumps and touchscreen.
Water PumpsDispense liquids from containers into the mixing area.
Ingredient ContainersStore syrups, juices, and soda separately.
Touchscreen (LVGL)User interface — browse drinks and view mixing progress.

Circuit Layout

LVGL Screen → ESP32S3 Jumper Wires → ULN2803A → Water Pump

Updates

  • Update 1 Buying the Materials — 28/2/26

    Added all necessary materials to the cart. Awaiting funding to proceed with the build.

    Shopping cart with materials
  • Update 2 Enlisting Donors — 8/3/26

    Convinced Naru to buy Caleb a Pepsi — in the future he'll fund the soda supply for the machine.

    Pepsi donation
  • Update 3 Buying Folders & Saving Funds
    Saving funds progress
  • Update 4 To Be Continued

    Update coming soon!

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CO2 air quality sensor device

Our project explores how human activity has degraded air quality over time. We built a device that detects and measures CO₂ and sulfur dioxide levels — alerting users when readings rise dangerously high — and used it to illustrate real-world environmental changes across decades.

The Concept

Our detector senses CO₂ and SO₂ concentrations in a given area and displays readings in real time. It helps people visualize and understand the invisible impact of pollution — making the abstract measurable.

Parts List

  • Arduino Nano
  • MQ135 Flying Fish Module
  • Jumper Wires
  • I2C Display
PartPurpose
Arduino NanoControls the system and processes sensor data.
MQ135 Flying Fish ModuleDetects CO₂ and SO₂ concentrations.
Jumper WiresConnects components together.
I2C DisplayShows real-time air quality readings.

Circuit Layout

MQ135 → Arduino Nano Jumper Wires → I2C Module → I2C Display Laptop → System (programming)

Updates

  • Update 1 Buying the Materials

    Mostly sourced. One MQ135 sensor broke during delivery and had to be replaced.

    Materials for CO2 sensor
  • Update 2 Assembling the Prototype

    Built the first version on a breadboard using YouTube reference code, modified to fit our use case. Tested for the first time at 9:00 PM — it worked.

  • Update 3 Team Meetup

    Brought all materials to a teammate's house, assembled the device, and confirmed it worked on another machine. Took high-quality photos for the futureboard.

    Team meetup with assembled device
  • Update 4 Final Device

    Assembled the complete futureboard and final project submission.

    Final CO2 sensor device
Wind turbine and solar panel experiment

Back when fossil fuels dominated, clean energy alternatives were rarely compared head-to-head. We designed an experiment to power LEDs using both a wind turbine and a solar panel, measuring voltage, current, and efficiency under controlled conditions. The result: both sources performed similarly.

The Concept

We built two LED circuits — one powered via a wind turbine, one via solar panels — and measured output across multiple trials. The goal was to determine which is better suited for different environmental conditions, helping inform future energy decisions.

Conclusion

Both wind and solar produced similar electrical outputs under our test conditions. Each system responded to its respective input — stronger gusts boosted the turbine, more sunlight boosted the panel. While their generation mechanisms differ, the measurable outputs were comparable, making both reliable and viable for renewable energy applications.

PartPurpose
Solar PanelsSecondary generator of energy
Plastic Wind TurbinePrimary generator of energy
Electrical Wires & SwitchConnects components together
DecorationMakes the project aesthetically presentable

Updates

  • Update 1 Buying the Materials — 28/2/26

    Most materials were already at home. Ordered the remaining electrical components online.

    Materials for wind vs solar experiment
  • Update 2 Changing Ideas — 8/3/26

    Initial concept was too broad. Narrowed focus to a direct comparison between wind and solar — a cleaner, testable question.

    Revised project concept
  • Update 3 Assembling the Presentation

    Built miniature houses and a skyscraper, wired LEDs to both the solar panel and wind turbine — they worked on the first try. Decorated it to look like a small city, then finished the trifold futureboard.

    Miniature city demonstration model
  • Update 4 Science Fair — 20/2/26

    Presented at the Science Fair. Despite a mid-demo battery shortage in the wind turbine, the team recovered well and placed 2nd in the grade level.

    Science Fair presentation

Globally, over 2.2 billion people live with vision impairment. Many rely on canes, guide dogs, or expensive commercial devices. But what if a small wearable computer could simply describe the world through sound? That question became SoundView.

The Concept

SoundView detects objects in the user's environment using a camera, processes that input with a microcontroller, and delivers real-time audio feedback through a speaker. Instead of seeing obstacles, the user hears them.

The glasses combine

  • Microcontroller processing
  • Camera input
  • Audio output

The first prototype was minimal — a glasses frame, microcontroller board, sensor module, and wired audio output. It looked rough, but it worked.

SoundView smart glasses first prototype
PartPurpose
MicrocontrollerControls the system
Camera / sensorCaptures the environment
Audio moduleDelivers spoken feedback
BatteryPowers the device
FrameWearable mount

System Design

The Loop

Camera → Microcontroller → Audio Feedback
  1. Camera captures the environment
  2. Microcontroller analyzes distance and position
  3. Audio module warns the user

Example Output

"In front of you there is a backpack, a small pencil, a blue pen. The lighting is dim. A person seems to be standing in the background, holding a smartphone."

Circuit Layout

Camera Module → Microcontroller Audio Pin → Amplifier → Speaker Battery → Voltage Regulator → System

Biggest Challenges

  1. Weight — electronics quickly make glasses uncomfortable; future builds will use smaller boards.
  2. Power — wearable devices need long battery life; low-power modes are essential.

Possible Improvements

  • Battery optimization using low-power components and sleep modes.
  • Hardware miniaturization with smaller MCUs and integrated circuits.
  • Software efficiency — optimized code reduces processing time and power draw.